Substantial Problems on Industrialization Free Essays

At the turn of the century, a spirit of reform known as progressivism took hold of many American people. Less a united movement than a loose gathering of casual and improbable alliances, progressivism targeted the massive problems of an urban, industrialized nation. In spite of resistance, progressives were able to redefine government†s role in American life, make a serious run for the White House, and ratify such lasting reforms. We will write a custom essay sample on Substantial Problems on Industrialization or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the nightfall of the 1800†³s, many citizens could see that existing efforts to solve the substantial problems of industrialization were failing. The 1880†³s and 1890†³s were filled with lively debates about how to reform society. The ideas of journalists Henry George and Edward Bellamy were among the most popular. In 1879 Henry George had written a book Progress and Poverty in an effort to explain why an advanced civilization seemed to increase rather than eliminate poverty. George proposed to solve this problem by ending taxes on improvements on land, such as housing and cultivation. George proposed just a single tax – on the value of land itself. Such a tax would make a speculation in land less attractive by increasing the cost of holding land without using it. In 1888 newspaper editor Edward Bellamy published a novel called Looking Backward. Incorporated into the novel was the story of a man being hypnotized and waking up in the year 2000. All of the harsh working conditions, social class set backs, and political corruption that existed in 1887 no longer existed. The reason for such a change was that government had nationalized the great trusts and organized industrial management. Socialists, unionists, and city government reformers also had many followers. Progressives realized that the nation†s free enterprise system often could be unfair, but they did not want to lose the high standard of living and personal liberty it had given them, and they deeply feared the violence of revolution. Thus, progressives were faced with the question of how to preserve what was good about the United States while reforming the bad. In order to protect vulnerable citizens, progressives accepted an increased level of government control over areas once considered private, such as housing and healthcare. Florence Kelley became a leader in the search for answers. She soon became a resident in Jane Addams† Hull House in Chicago. Largely through her efforts, in 1893 Illinois passed a law prohibiting child labor, limiting working hours for women, and regulating sweatshop conditions. In 1954 Supreme Court justice Felix Frankfurter said that Florence Kelley â€Å"had probably the largest share in shaping the social history of the United States during the first thirty years of this century. † Driven by the mounting tide of public demand, an inundation of progressive reform programs flowed through local, state, and federal legislatures. Targets for the proposed reforms included politics, society, and the economy. Some reform mayors led movements for city – supported welfare services. Hazen Pingree provided public baths, parks, and, to combat the 1893 depression, a work relief program. â€Å"Golden Rule† Jones opened playgrounds and free kindergartens and built lodging houses for the homeless. â€Å"Nobody has the right to rule anybody else,† he once said. He thought all people would be good if social conditions were good. Progressive governors and state legislators also were active. Governors Robert LaFollette in Wisconsin and Hiram Johnson in California introduced reforms to make government more efficient and responsive to voters. Progressivism appeared at the federal level in labor and industrial relations, in the regulation of business and commerce. By the time Theodore Roosevelt completed his second term in 1909, the government had filed forty – two antitrust actions. The beef trust, Standard Oil, and the American Tobacco Company were either broken up or forced to reorganize. Roosevelt was not antibusiness. He did not wish to destroy trusts he deemed â€Å"good,† or not harmful to the public, he just felt they should be supervised and controlled. The progressive era also gave way to they sixteenth and seventeenth amendments. The sixteenth amendment allowed government to raise more revenue from wealthy people†s income and less from tariffs that hurt the working poor. The seventeenth amendment took the election of senators out of the hands of legislature; voters were thus allowed to play a more direct role in government. By the mid – 1910†³s, progressives could take pride in the many changes they had helped bring about, such as redefining the role of government in business and politics. Some reformers included Henry George, Edward Bellamy, Florence Kelley, and the nation separated as local, state, and federal. The beginning of the war in Europe brought about the end of the progressive era in 1914, by the end of 1916 the reform period of the United States had sputtered out. How to cite Substantial Problems on Industrialization, Essay examples

Impact of Readymade Garments on the Economy of Bangladesh free essay sample

But thisis not the end of their suffering – they faceabuse in the workplace, sexual harass-ment and rape, and even death. Death Trap On 23 February 2006 a ? re broke out at KTS Garments in Chittagong. Specialarrangements were made on that day foran emergency night shift; food wasarranged for about a thousand workers. But how many of the workers could escapethe deadly ? re? Nobody knows for sure,even today. I personally visited the factory three days after; yet I met many who werelooking for their daughters, sisters or rela-tives who were working in hat factory. Even after three days nobody was allowedto enter the factory. I managed to take aquick look in different areas up to thethird ? oor. Hundreds of small bags usually carried by female workers were here andthere. I found those totally empty. Whohave stolen the â€Å"precious† things fromthese bags? No one was allowed to enterafter the ? re broke out; the factory wasstrictly guarded by police and the Rapid Action Battalion ( RAB ). We will write a custom essay sample on Impact of Readymade Garments on the Economy of Bangladesh or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The workers didnot have much money to be looted. Theonly thing they had – very important tothem – was their ID ard, which was theonly proof of their identity and their link with the factory. That was the main proof to identify and count the dead and injured,and to make a claim for compensation. The owners had every reason to takethose cards away. Possible claims for com-pensation also explain the unwillingnessof many employers to give appointmentletters to the workers. Since the early 1990s, more than athousand people, mostly teenage girls,lost their lives in different garment facto-ries because of either? re, or collapse of an un-authorised factory build-ing, or secret killing by goons or in police ? ing. Some factories reported-ly kept their gates closedduring ? re incidents. On6 January 2005, duringa ? re at Shaan Knittingand Processing in Naray-anganj, all the gates of the building werekept locked. The incident claimed 23 lives. The collapse of a nine-story garmentfactory building at Savar near Dhaka on11 April 2005 caused more than 100 workerdeaths and another 100 workers missing. Suddenly turned into a mass grave, thefactory had been producing nearly 80,000items of clothes annually for the marketsof Europe and the US This building wasconstructed without proper authorisation. A ? re in a building that housed SaiemFashions and other garment factories,killed three workers and injuring 50 inMarch 2006. Three more factory accidentsoccurred in early 2006, two in Dhaka andone in Chittagong, leaving at least 142 workers killed and more than 500 injuredmany of them disabled for life. Newspaperreports made it clear that all these acci-dents took place due to lack of propersafety measures a t the factories. Thesereports also revealed the fact that according to of? ial statistics, only threeinspectors are engaged in inspectingsafety measures at as many as 15,000factories under the Dhaka divisional fac-tory inspection of? ce. And only 20 in-spectors are now deployed to inspectaround 50,000 registered factories in thecountry – four of them are working at thehead of? ce, six at the Dhaka divisional of-? ce, and three at Chittagong, Khulna andRajshahi divisional of? ces ( Daily Star ,28 February 2006). The following list of factory ? res anddeaths was published in The Daily Star on27 February 2010 after another deadly fac-tory ? e. Development or Destruction, Essays onGlobal Hegemony, Corporate Grabbing and Bang-ladesh, Sraban. New Age (2010): â€Å"Exploiting the Economy Builders† by Mohiuddin Alamgir, New Age Extra , 13-19 August, www. newagebd. com. Sobhan, Rehman and Nasreen Khundker, ed. (2001): Globalisation and Gender (Dhaka: UPL). Sweatfree (2010): â€Å" Fighting Poverty Wages in Bangla-desh† at http://www. sweatfree. org/docs/ene-miesofthenation. pdf, December. Workers World (2006): â€Å"Garment Strike in Bangla-desh: Whose Responsibility, Whose Interests? †,June. . ? . ? . . . impact of readymade garments on the economy of bangladesh

King Richard Iii and Looking for Richard Essay Plan free essay sample

Intro * Both Shakespeare’s Richard III and Al Pacino’s Looking for Richard both portray central values and ideas of the time. * The texts ideas are reflected by the context of the time. * Both texts written in different time periods meaning completely different contexts which shape the text. * Through Pacino’s hybrid style docudrama, he attempts to demystify Shakespeare’s Richard III, making it more accessible to the everyday person. Shakespeare shows the journey in Richard III of Richard himself on his dark quest to becoming king by both using his literary skills and performance to attain what he wants, ultimately being power. * Both texts use propaganda but whereas Shakespeare alludes to the Tudor Myth which is ingratiating himself to his patrons. Whereas Pacino is being more provocative. He is challenging the authority that the British literary world has over Shakespeare. * Both texts also use performance to connect ideas between the two Para 1- Richard III * Context War of the Roses – now that his house has won the battle. We will write a custom essay sample on King Richard Iii and Looking for Richard Essay Plan or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He wants to be king Tudor Myth – had to ingratiate to the Tudor house and uphold their reign. This too is one of Pacino’s main challenges as he is expressing an egalitarian society where all people and their views are equal as he speaks to various people on the street. However Shakespeare had to ingratiate his monarch, the Tudor House and ensure Tudor patronage. * Throughout the entire play, Shakespeare depicts Richard as a monstrous Machiavellian. Who Nicollo Machiavelli described in his book which was written in Shakespeare’s time is when a person may use craft or deceit in order to maintain or achieve power. Shakespeare presents Richard in this way as he was from the House York which is what the Tudors opposed when they first came to power. * Opening soliloquy – See Richards true character and his intentions in the play. Recognises himself in the play, â€Å"I am determined to prove a villain. † Metafiction shown. Richard feels that he needs to get into power to make up for him being â€Å"rudely stamped,† and â€Å"Cheated of feature by dissembling nature. † * Shakespeare exaggerates and devalues Richard in this manner to perpetuate the Tudor myth whilst demonising Richard, which institutes the Tudor reign as one of providence and divine sanctioning. Para 2 – looking for Richard * CHALLENGES Pacino isn’t challenging the actual information and ideas expressed in Richard III. But rather he is challenging the British literary world, and their belief that they hold all the knowledge to Shakespeare’s plays. He does this constantly throughout the entire film, showing scenes of British scholars where he has put them on the spot making them seem as if they don’t know anything. A great example of this is when he is interviewing Emrys Jones, a well-known Shakespeare academic and he is asked a question to which he responds, â€Å"I don’t really know the answer. Straight away the scene is cut and immediately followed by a different scene of Pacino explaining exactly what the British scholar couldn’t. The constant use of cutting and framing different scene helps Pacino not only challenge the British literary world by giving them the message that he and numerous other Americans which he interviewed o n the streets hold knowledge about Shakespeare. But also, the fact that he can make it into a film as well proves that they are wrong that the actor holds the power to. â€Å"You want to do it wiz your American accent? Shows jarring which stirs the audience’s image that Pacino can produce a successful version of the play. Pacino challenges not only this question, but the actual theory that Shakespeare put forward * REFLECTS – I do believe however that in this aspect of Looking for Richard, Pacino challenges the ideas more. In one scene of the play Pacino and Kimball travel to England and visit the house which Shakespeare grew up in, in hope that they would achieve some sort of epiphany of knowledge about the plays. Linking back to the point that the British believe they ‘own’ the knowledge on Shakespeare. However they find that they did not feel any epiphany or difference at all, proving again that the British do not hold all the power and knowledge over Shakespeare and his plays and that actors like himself can possibly hold more knowledge that the academics and scholars. Para 3 – Richard III – performance * Lady Anne scene – Richard turns from the monstrous Machiavellian character we see throughout most of the play, into a romantic wooer. He uses rhetorical language such as pathos to connect with her emotions which assists him in essentially ‘capturing’ Lady Anne. The fact that Richard had just killed her husband King Edward, with her still being with his coffin just makes Richard seem even more powerful as he still manages to pull Lady Anne into marrying him. Although in this scene Lady Anne proves to hold the knowledge of language too as there is constant stichomythia between the two characters through most of the scene but the line which best shows this is when Richard says â€Å"Bid me kill myself. I will do it. † And Lady Anne responds with â€Å"I have already. † Showing that she can be quite witty too, but not enough for Richard. Pacino shows his power of being director by taking out a lot of the stichomythia between Richard and Lady Anne which removes some of her agency, that causing Richard to seem more powerful, convincing and in control. Para 4 – Looking for Richard performance * CHALLENGES Penelope Allen shows the power of both the actor and method acting. It challenges the fact that women had no dominant rol e in society, whereas in this scene of Looking for Richard, we see her using method acting to get into character in rehearsal and raise her voice over all the other men and women in the room when she says, â€Å"If he were dead, what would betide on me? Pacino provides the point here that using performance to change into character, can allow women to be completely dominant over men in a modern society. * REFLECTS – Both Pacino and Shakespeare’s Richard both change character to essentially get what they want. Richard, wanting power to be king. Pacino wanting power over his film. Pacino, the star actor and also director of his own film, changes character various times throughout the film. One of the key scenes depicting his want for power is when he is being the actor and discussing a few lines in the play with his assistant director, Kimball and Pacino decides to completely change the script. â€Å"G of Edwards heirs the murderer shall be. † Is what the line usually says. But Pacino changes it to, â€Å"C of Edwards heirs the murderer shall be. † This gives Pacino the power as he now has control over both the film and its script. He changes this as he believes it will be easier for people to understand and ultimately once again make the play more ‘accessible’ for the audience.

September 11 Bombing

September 11 Bombing September 11 Bombing The September 11th booming was an attack set by a terror group named as the Al-Qaida against the United States of America. The Al-Qaida group is believed to have used nineteen men of the same associate who also accepted to sacrifice their lives just to see that their aim had come to success. This essay discuses the September 11 attack on the American twin towers of New York City. It will focus on the casualties, damages, and the aftermath. We will also talk about the attackers and their intension. There were very many casualties reported allover the Twin Tower. Some had broken hands, legs, and many injuries in different parts of the body. This included many damages for instance, Twins Towers were destroyed, Marriott world trade center. This also caused the closure of the world financial center. The police helped in getting bodies from the rubbles. Over 2700 people lost lives (Wanttoknow.info, (n.d)). Those who lost there relatives went through deep sorrow and pain. Aftermath This left a great impact in the world. Nations began enforcement against anti-terror groups. The incidence left at least three thousand children without or with only one parent. The situation also brought unity to many nations against al-Qaida (Kimball, 2005). People made promises that such things will not happen again. It also led to scientific methods of investigations like closed circuit television (CCTV) cameras, among other modern technology and new modes of training of security personnel. There is no clear evidence of who was behind the attacks, but it is believed that it was the al-Qaida group. They did this because they wanted Americans to leave there territory of holy worship in Saudi Arabia. Nineteen people organized it Mohamed Atta from Egypt led it. The group began when the Soviet Union fought against Afghanistan. Osama-Bin-Laden is said to have chaired and was the head of the whole terror group. He has been rear since 1998 and it is not clear if he is dead or still living. It was full of havoc. No one should allow such acts to happen again. Wherever we are as human beings, we should be sensitive against terror activities. We should all condemn it. Encourage donors to help orphans and widows. Let us promote peace and unity, despite who our neighbors are.

Charles Murray Essay Example for Free

Charles Murray Essay The New Right came from the work of the American Sociologist Charles Murray who viewed welfare payments has causing lone parenthood which in turn created an underclass. Charles Murray visited the UK in 1989 and said it has a developing underclass. Murray said: â€Å"the underclass are defined by their behaviour. Their homes are littered and unkempt. The men in the family are unable to hold down a job. Drunkenness is common. The children grew up ill-schooled and ill-behaved and contribute to a disproportionate share of juvenile delinquents† Murray saw underclass as behaviour a lifestyle choice, a disease which infects certain groups of people. ‘When I use the term ‘underclass’ I am indeed focusing on a certain type of poor person defined not by his condition, for example, long-term unemployment, but by his deplorable behaviour in response to that condition, for example, unwilling to take jobs that are available to him.’ This shows how members of the underclass define themselves as different by their own behaviour. Murray singles out three forms of behaviour that define underclass status: * Parenting behaviour * Criminal behaviour * Labour market behaviour Specifically, it is illegitimate births to young women, habitual crime and particularly violent crime, and the refusal of young working class men to enter employment that determines the existence of an underclass. ‘If illegitimate births are the leading indicator of an underclass and violent crime a proxy measure of its development, the definitive proof that an underclass has arrived is that large numbers of young, healthy, low-income males choose not to take jobs. (The young idle rich are a separate problem).’ (Murray, 1990) Since, in his analysis, it is the poor themselves that are to blame for their poverty, because they either choose to act in a certain way, or are conditioned to do so by over-generous government welfare, the policy solutions that flow from this analysis are, not surprisingly, aimed at changing the behaviour of the poor. The alternative, improving the effectiveness of the welfare programmes, is not considered. Indeed for New Right theorists, the welf are state is a major part of the problem. What such theorists would seek is the dismantling of the welfare state, and a situation set up that would make it dysfunctional for individuals to act in deviant ways. David Marsland Sociologist David Marsland has adopted the new right approach and does not believe that poverty is as bad as others are making out. He claims that groups such as the Joseph Rowntree Foundation purposely confuse poverty with inequality and completely exaggerates the extent of poverty. He argues that there is only absolute poverty and that relative does not exist. Marsland is very critical about universal benefits and services such as health care, education and child benefits. He believes that people who are on low income are results of the state being too generous in their benefits and services rather than the individual’s inadequacy to work (Haralambos & Holborn, 2008). A quote from Marsland : â€Å"the expectation that society, the state, the government, â€Å"they†, will look after our problems tricks us into abdicating from self-reliance and social responsibly† (Marsland 1989). However, Marsland has been criticised by Bill Jordan who says that he is wrong to b lame the culture of dependency to universal welfare provision. He argues that selectively means testing benefits can trap people in a life of poverty. It often turns out that people are better off on benefits than they would be in work. It also can exclude the individual from the rest of society and make them feel ashamed and embarrassed that they receive benefits. Also, if education and health care are private then people with disability and unskilled workers may not be able to afford or find work. Jordan also claims that societies that rely upon means-tested benefits and private health care, tend to develop a large underclass, who have little chance of escaping from poverty; this is the case in countries such as America. Jordan states that poverty is a result of societies being too harsh. He argues that the only way to break the cycle of poverty is by universal benefits that are at a high enough standard so people can afford to work and get back up on their feet (Haralambos & Holborn, 2008). Despite this, the New Right approach has been influential across Western countries, and the Conservative party is in power in Britain today. Charles Murray. (2016, Mar 23). We have essays on the following topics that may be of interest to you

Autobiographical gender socialization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Autobiographical gender socialization - Essay Example While I was a homemaker, I was stigmatised by the community and with no any forecast. As a medical student, I am regarded as a valuable woman, and my life has been full of joy. The similarity of cooking soup portrays my life has a homemaker. On the other hand, writing papers shows my life as a medical student. Introduction A gender-based examination of the relation between the need to be the ultimate writer with the urge to be the ultimate soup maker is the thesis of this paper. The information given is autobiographical. My goal is to express my changing role from a homemaker, to a doctor who is successful in the area of academics. Gender plays a crucial role by virtue of that the homemaker’s work of preparing soup is feminized in community, whereas the medical’s student work of writing papers is masculine. To start with, a literature review on the duty of a woman and the merit of female’s voice will be given (Watson 432). According to this review, a clear pictur e of my changing responsibility from that of a homemaker to a medical student will be presented. Preparing soup originates from a disciplinary system and is seen as a kind of individual –construction, whereas writing papers is a resistant system and a self-reconstruction. These two opposing life experiences assist to demonstrate how a gender point of view affects my insight of women’s importance in the community. ... First, preparing soup helped to keep my daughter’s nutritional health and give a disciplinary system in my determination to be the best mother. Second, that is from a qualitative perspective, in my society, being a perfect and outstanding wife is seen as a need for the growth of the kid admirable characteristics such as joyfulness and cheerfulness. This positive approach and hopeful mannerism can be recognized by consuming the correct nutrition soup. Third, from a quantitative point of view, the more weight my daughter realized, the more kinds of soups I had to prepare for him (Kosta 212). Therefore, the measurable results of maintaining my daughter health through the means of preparing soup could be the most useful pointer of whether I was a perfect, exceptional or even a successful homemaker in my community. Metaphorically, preparing soup showed the love and care I had for my daughter, which had gone far beyond merely providing her necessity for food. To a wide extent, carin g out this activity was an attempt to obey the rules of social expectations of a woman’s role. In addition, the capability to prepare soup was the criteria for determining whether I was the best mother. In terms of the marital perspective, preparing soup became a way of raising my bargaining power with my husband according to tradition, which showed that a well-educated man believes that the best wife has to understand how to cook and be willing to prepare soup for the family members every day. Preparing soup is regarded as a homemaker’s main significant, activity as related to other forms of house activities, which includes washing utensils, ironing clothes and sweeping the floor. This is because it may significantly influence the health of the

U.S Navy in early American history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

U.S Navy in early American history - Essay Example Despite the fact the Old Navy was ultra sized; it had the most sophisticated warships in the world. It presented a platform to the modernization of the Navy. The Status and existence of the Rhode Island was prioritized by the US government. Therefore the creation of the navy was billed and passed by Parliament of the Rhode Island in seventeen seventy seven in Greenwich (East). It should be noted that these events took place after the military hierarchy promotion of Captain Abraham Whipple in to an Army General. Governor Nicholas Cooke issued a confirmation to this. It was a defense move against the Frigates from Britain who posed a constant threat to the trade activities in Rhode Island. It was so serious that President George Washington begun buying warships using his own resources. The Schooner Hannah was one of the ships. The Continental Congress endorsed the buying of two ships that were well armed to attack the ships from their enemies like British for this matter. There was to be the existing policy that was to be adhered to by the continental fleet that was to reign throughout the Revolution. The first policy was written by John Adams which was accepted by the congress. Towards the end of 1775, the Congress ordered the putting up of thirteen frigates in the following a quarter a year, putting into account the resolution that was passed earlier on. Also, there was building of five ships that have two and two thirds dozens of guns, five ships with two and a quarter dozens guns, and three ships with two dozens of guns. A dozen ships that were build under the order of Benedict Arnold to prevent the British from attacking New York after Canada. This Arnold’s fleet did not manage that of British whereas the fleet which brought the British fleet was the U.S fleet in the war called Battle of Valcour Island. Later on, the ships vessels that were constructed were overpowered by the Royal Navy, which was more powerful than them. The only American hero in the navy who defeated the British fleet was John Paul Jones, who was Thought to have attacked other ships by their owners and when asked he put it boldly that the fight had not yet began. There took place the Revolutionary War which its end resulted into the break up the Navy of the continent in 1785, after the approval of Treaty of Paris. It is the Treaty of Paris that kept British Navy to work together with the ship trading and their support ended after the dispersing of the continental navy. The war between the American marine trade transporters and their attackers at the coast led to the Naval Act 1794. There was order that the Act should have the six frigates as one of its composition. the frigates comprised of four with three ant two thirds dozens of guns and two having three dozens of guns. The Navy then allied with the northern states and the coastal part and their enemies came from the interior parts. The establishment of the Naval Act led to the start of building a half a doz en frigates, namely: USS United States Chesapeake, Constitution, Constellation, USS United States, the congress and the president. The most popular of all was Constitution that was branded a name â€Å"Old Ironsides† with a lot of input from Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. The American Navy later fought the Navy from France in The Quasi-war as a result of Treaty of Alliance formed in 1778. The US played in away that it supported British and French equally in their fight but after the formation of the treaty referred to as Jay Treaty became